Notes: Import figures from Department of Industry, Innovation and Science, Resources and Energy Quarterly, historical data, table 31(3); emissions calculated using the methodology outlined in Department of Environment and Energy, National Greenhouse Accounts Factors; assumes 1 tonne imported crude oil equal to 1160 litres (average for imports); Department of Environment and Energy, Guide to the Australian Energy Statistics 2017. "There is extremely little room long-term for fossil fuels in a net-zero emissions world economy, and probably almost no room for thermal coal," he said. Fearlessly follow the facts no matter where they lead. This converts into 33.4 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent. That alone was almost double Australia's total domestic emissions. The following tables show the figures used by Fact Check to estimate the greenhouse gas content of Australia's thermal and metallurgical coal exports. WorkSafe New Zealand has filed charges against 13 parties in relation to the White Island tragedy, Follow our live coverage for the latest news on the coronavirus pandemic, Follow our live coverage of the US election aftermath. As discussed, Fact Check has relied on data for 2016 because this is the latest year for which the PIK global emissions figures are available. In reality, determining exactly how Australia's fossil fuel exports are used is difficult. The combustion of coal, however, adds a significant amount of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere per unit of heat energy, more than does the combustion of other fossil fuels. There are three methodologies for carving up emissions between countries. Send us your tip-offs, or let us know what you think. What matters under this approach, from an international carbon accounting perspective, is the country where the emissions are released into the Earth's atmosphere, for example through the combustion of a fossil fuel. However widespread concern about environmental emissions from coal has started to limit the growth in use of this important energy source. However, the equation is not so simple. This suggests Australia's domestic emissions, plus its exports, made up about 3.6 per cent of the global total. "For example, the energy content of a tonne of coal can vary according to its region or locality of origin and according to the maturity of the mine from which it was extracted," the guide says. The following table shows the figures used to estimate the greenhouse gas content of Australia's 2016 LNG exports. This excludes those emissions not caused by the combustion of fossil fuels, such as from land-use, agriculture and waste. Metallurgical coal differs from thermal coal, used for energy and heating, by its carbon content and its caking ability. As explained in the National Greenhouse Account Factors, the first three columns are multiplied, and then divided by 1,000 to produce the amount of carbon dioxide equivalent in tonnes. There are, broadly, two ways to interpret Mr Cannon-Brookes's claim. Japan as a country reliant on 95 per cent imported fossil fuels for its energy needs is also very economically exposed," Mr Buckley said. Metallurgical coal or coking coal is used in the process of creating coke necessary for iron and steel-making. If Australia is to be held accountable for its fossil fuel exports, its fossil fuel imports should equally not be counted in Australia's domestic total. In a recent speechto the United Nations, Prime Minister Scott Morrison sought to downplay Australia’s contribution to world greenhouse gas emissions, arguing the nation is responsible for just 1.3% of the global total. This first approach doesn’t deliver low-emissions steel, so much as it displaces metallurgical coal with a source of carbon that may have ended up in a landfill.
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