Circular Reasoning. Example: “If you’re not married, then you must be a bachelor.” Example: “You are either with us or against us.” #11 Circular Reasoning Circular reasoning is when someone makes a claim and instead of providing reasons to support it, they merely restate that claim in different terms. Bill Clinton (and a whole lot of other Democrats) are guilty of associating repeatedly with Jeffrey Epstein? Logical fallacies -- those logical gaps that invalidate arguments -- aren't always easy to spot. Straw Man Fallacy. It hasn’t been proven conclusively that Donald Trump did not collaborate with “Russia” in the 2016 election season. The straw man fallacy … Complex Question: This fallacy is framed in terms of a question, a rhetorical question. Argument from Ignorance: This is also known as an Argument from Silence. This is a lamentable state of affairs, particularly given the importance of critical thinking vis-à-vis politics. Formal (or deductive) fallacies occur when the conclusion doesn't follow the premise. 'Arithmetically impossible'! Donald Trump is a “racist,” a “white supremacist,” a “misogynist,” a “homophobe,” and so on. Donald Trump’s claim regarding the availability of a vaccine for COVID-19 before the end of the year is not credible, for Trump wants to be reelected (and has good reason to think that if people believe that a vaccine is discovered by then that he will be reelected). Logically Fallacious book. Logically Fallacious is one of the most comprehensive collections of logical fallacies with all original examples and easy to understand descriptions, perfect for educators, debaters, or anyone who wants to be improve his or her reasoning skills. Hence, his position on X (where X stands for whatever in the world we choose to plug for it) is illicit. Now, let’s take a look at how some of the most common logical fallacies work with examples of them. Terms under which this service Yet even when an argument from authority alludes to a recognized authority, it is critical to bear in mind that this hardly renders the argument bullet proof. "Expose an irrational belief, keep a person rational for a day. It’s meant to convict Trump of “White Supremacy.”. Hasty Generalization. Argument Ad Hominem (Against the Person): This is by far and away the most common fallacy in contemporary politics generally, the Trump era specifically. The Age of the Great UnReason, the COVID era, has demonstrated this in spades, for repeatedly we witness medical experts, either career bureaucrats or university researchers, whose livelihoods are dependent upon government funding making dramatic (and, not infrequently, mutually contradictory) assertions regarding “the Virus” that are essentially negated by those medical experts that depend upon no such subsidies. Even had Trump been the best of buddies with Epstein, this would have been logically irrelevant to the truth of whether the Clintons and other Democrats had close ties with this known pedophile. Bad arguments are all around us. He simply acknowledged that among the large numbers of protestors and counter-protestors that showed up in Charlottesville, VA in 2017, there were decent people who wanted for a monument to Robert E. Lee to remain standing, and decent people who wanted for it to be razed. When an argument is deficient, then it is fallacious. (2) Tiny is a dog. Yet these circumstances of the President have no logical relevance to the truth-value of his claim. He had associated with him as well! 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