Special care should be taken to thoroughly rinse cleaning products and sanitizers from equipment during clean-up, especially in areas where liquid tends to accumulate. Chemicals should be stored separately from food products and packaging materials to avoid contamination. Identifying Chemical Hazards Presentation. The final group is unintentional or incidentally present chemicals. You may have heard of the most common one – Aflatoxins which are associated with peanuts, maize, tree nuts and certain spices. Origin of Chemical Hazards in Food It has been said that 99% of all toxins are naturally occurring, and also that all things are toxic at a high enough concentration. Food chemical hazards can be classified into any one of the following three groups: (1) Chemicals that occur naturally If you add too much you can then cause reactions in people who are sensitive to those food chemicals. All types of chemicals, cross contamination. In addition, only USDA approved chemicals should be used during cleaning and sanitizing. Certainly, many food raw materials contain chemicals, which, if consumed in excess, might lead to health problems. One of the and most famous cases of an economically motivated hazard would have to be Melamine contamination in infant formula. Environmental pollutantssuch as heavy metals (e.g. Pesticide residues and agricultural chemicals and drugsresulting from application of pe… (2) Chemicals that you may use in the formulation of your finished product Unavoidable poisonous or deleterious substances have FDA tolerance levels or action levels, in the event that exposure or introduction is unavoidable. Some parts of this site work best with JavaScript enabled. Chemicals in food are a worldwide health concern and are a leading cause of trade obstacles. These agencies have also determined acceptable levels of other chemical substances. The FDA and the USDA have recognized the wide variety of chemicals used in food processing and have decided what chemicals are acceptable additives in food products and which chemical substances are strictly forbidden. Pest control should be performed by professionals and chemical residues in incoming food products should be controlled. Your business also needs to consider radiological chemical hazards especially after the 2011 Fukushima nuclear incident that occurred in Japan post-earthquake and tsunami. 2. The FD&C Act regulates all of the above except pesticides. Required fields are marked *, FSPCA Intentional Adulteration Conducting Vulnerability Assessments | 23rd November 2020, Creating Short Sims using Powerpoint | 25th November 2020, BRCGS – Root Cause Analysis | 7th December 2020, BRCGS – Vulnerability Assessment for Food Fraud |15th December 2020, FSPCA Intentional Adulteration Conducting Vulnerability Assessments | 16th December 2020. Products that fall into these categories include pesticides, herbicides, growth hormones and antibiotics, additives and processing aids, lubricants, paints, cleaners and sanitizers. Chemical hazards affect more people than physical hazards, but typically not as many as a biological hazard. Your email address will not be published. (3) Chemicals that are unintentionally or incidentally present in your finished product. An issue can occur if you add in too much or not enough of that food chemical and that affects the safety of your finished product. Chemical hazards should be addressed in steps in the production process: storage, during use (cleaning agents, sanitizers), prior to receipt (in ingredients and packaging materials), upon receipt of materials, during processing and prior to shipment of product. Perhaps foremost in controlling chemical contamination are proper storage and handling practices. There are a number of manuals available which contain a laundry list of other items that could contaminate. Food allergens would be normally assessed as a separate category within your hazard analysis but can also be included into the overall chemical food hazard category. Each company should make certain that none of the prohibited substances are present in ingredients or supplies. Chemical Hazards for Meat and Poultry. Mycotoxins are produced by certain types of moulds. It may also include pesticides, industrial chemicals, heavy metals found in produce growing soils or drug residues in animal products. A chemical food hazard as defined by the FDA regulation on cGMP, Hazard Analysis, and Risk Based Preventive Controls for Human Food, is any chemical agent “that has the potential to cause illness or injury”. There may be residues left after the cleaning or sanitizing process. Food chemical hazards can be classified into any one of the following three groups: Before finishing up this post, I wanted to touch on a chemical based economically motivated hazard. A chemical food hazard as defined by the FDA regulation on cGMP, Hazard Analysis, and Risk Based Preventive Controls for Human Food, is any chemical agent “that has the potential to cause illness or injury”. They can be external and associated with environmental and naturally occurring sources or internal from within the food processing business: 1. If you’re adding a preservative to say, stop microbial growth if you don’t add the right quantity, this may not serve the purpose of which it was intended. Direct food additives-preservatives (nitrite), flavor enhancers, color additives. Obviously, some chemicals are of greater concern than others. Chemicals used in your food product formulation can be things like food additives, preservatives, colours, flavours or any other type of chemical that you add to your product as part of the finished product formulation. Chemicals that occur naturally within your business can include things like food allergens and mycotoxins. One of the requirements of completing your hazard analysis is for you to identify chemical food hazards. Your email address will not be published. As always, if you have a comment or would like to share your knowledge with the rest of the HACCP Mentor community, please leave a comment below this post. dioxins, PCBs) through soil, water, and air can contaminate food and seafood. Chap 2 - Hazards - Biological, Chemical, and Physical Chapter 2: Hazards - Biological, Chemical and Physical Explanatory Note: Whether a particular hazard listed in this chapter will need to be addressed in a HACCP plan will depend on an evaluation of the actual risk and severity of the hazard in the food. WHO develops scientific risk assessments to define safe exposure levels which form the basis for the development of national and international food safety standards to protect the health of the consumers and ensure fair trade practices. Table 1. Enter your name and email below and click "Get Free Updates", FSPCA Intentional Adulteration Conducting Vulnerability Assessments, BRCGS – Vulnerability Assessment for Food Fraud, Grow your career with the BRCGS Professional Programme, Easy ways to provide HACCP information to your customer, Modern learning options to educate and upskill your food handlers, OTM 10: How to become a professional food safety mentor. It is also good policy to keep up with new regulations. Those products without tolerance levels must not be present in any amount. Chemicals which should be considered include color additives, direct food additives, indirect food additives, prior-sanctioned substances, pesticide chemicals and substances generally recognized as safe. Pesticides, antibiotics, hormones, toxins, fertilizers, fungicides, heavy metals, PCBs. You can read more about this here. These are things like chemicals that come from cross-contamination from the cleaning process. Codex defines a hazard as being “A biological, chemical or physical agent in, or condition of, food with the potential to cause an adverse health effect.” There is a common misconception that it is suitable to just identify different hazard categories present at each process step. Chemical hazard contaminants can occur in food from a variety of sources. This is in addition to microbiological, physical and economically motivated hazards.
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