A large number of viable alternative building technologies have been developed and disseminated over a period of 2.5 decades. Durability of the materials, directly derived from natural materials like soil, thatch/leaves, timber, etc. Compressive strength of the block depends upon the composition of the mix, density of the block and percentage of stabilizer (cement/lime). These reactions are slow at ambient temperatures (~ 30°C) and hence steam curing for about 10 h at 80°C can accelerate these reactions leading to high strength for the block. OTI, J.E., KINUTHIA, J.M and BAI, J., 2009c. As of this date, Scribd will manage your SlideShare account and any content you may have on SlideShare, and Scribd's General Terms of Use and Privacy Policy will apply. Thus the issues related to energy expenditure, recycling, biodegradable, environmental and sustainability with respect to future demand need to be addressed during the manufacture and use of any new building material. These activities again require expenditure of fossil fuels for transportation. • Reduction in air, land and water pollution. These panels may be concrete, steel or composite. • Poor competition among new material manufacturers. Quest for durable building materials is an ongoing phenomenon ever since man started construction activity. Learn more. The Coir-CNSL Board is a wood alternative which can be used for surfacing, door and window shutters, partitioning, false ceiling, paneling, furniture, cabinets, packaging etc. It has low water absorption, negligible change in dimensions due to water absorption, workable with normal wood working tools, paintable, pre-laminable, nailable and screwable, passes IS-3087. "Products or services that have a lesser or reduced effect on human health and the environment when compared with competing products or services that serve the same purpose.". Building Construction Some of the guiding principles in developing the sustainable alternative building technologies can be summarized as follows: Energy conservation; Minimize the use of high energy materials; Concern for environment, environment-friendly technologies; Minimize transportation and maximize the use of local materials and resources; Decentralized production and maximum use of local skills; Utilization of industrial and mine wastes for the production of building materials; Recycling of building wastes, and Use of renewable energy sources. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. The development is aimed to develop building boards and door shutter using Bagasse fiber. Steel, cement, glass, aluminium, plastics, bricks, etc. The major advantage of fine concrete block is the utilization of waste products like fly ash, polished stone waste, mine wastes, etc. 3. See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. Hence, there is a need for optimum utilization of available energy resources and raw materials to produce simple, energy efficient, environment friendly and sustainable building alternatives and techniques to satisfy the increasing demand for buildings. It has been estimated that 22% of green house gas (GHG) emissions is contributed by the construction sector in India. Powerpoint showing different types of building materials and why they are used for different things. Using Slag for Unfired-clay Masonry Bricks, Proceedings of ICE, Journal of Construction materials, 161(CM4), pp.147-155, DOI: 10.1680/coma.2008.161.4.147. Housing and building conditions reflect the living standards of a society. The mixture is then compacted into blocks using a machine (manual or mechanized) and then cured for 28 days. is questionable. Generally these materials are transported over great distances. Construction and Building Materials, 21(1), pp.1971-1976. For example demand for houses has doubled in about two decades from 1980. 3. are energy-intensive materials, commonly used for building construction. These blocks are 2.5 to 2.8 times bigger in volume when compared with locally available conventional burnt clay bricks. 1. Lime reacts with fly ash/clay minerals forming water insoluble bonds imparting strength to the block. We have an arable land area of 1.62 × 106 sq km comprising alluvial soils, black soil, red soil, laterite soil and desert soil. Compounded growth rates of 2.5%, 5% and 5% has been assumed for bricks, steel and cement respectively to compute the projected demand. The cellulosic refuse of paper industries are rich in small fibres and can be used to make value added product, which can be used for acoustics, thermal insulation and false ceiling purposes in buildings. Then comes the manufacture of lime and lime-based products. Types Production methods Uses in construction Properties and related tests of the following materials of construction: Course Content • Building Stones • Metals • Clay Products • Gypsum • Lime • Cements • Mineral Aggregates for the production of composite materials. Area under the soils suitable for brick making may not exceed 50% of the arable land. Steel, cement, glass, aluminium, plastics, bricks, etc. Extensive use of these materials can drain the energy resources and adversely affect the … coconut fiber and cashew nut shell liquid are available substantially in coastal areas and are renewable agro-wastes. Construction and Building Materials provides an international forum for the dissemination of research and development in the field of construction and building materials and their application in new works and repair practice. Alternative eco-friendly building materials and technologies at various levels will not only reduce the cost of construction but will also ensure no depreciation of world’s natural wealth. • Non-inclusion in various National codes and specifications. Besides being eco-friendly, the other advantages of using these materials for construction are: One of the major component of Eco-housing practices using ‘Alternate Building Materials’ is Sustainable Construction Practices. Elements of Civil engineering. Search for wildcards or unknown words Put a * in your word or phrase where you want to leave a placeholder. The physical-mechanical behavior of the developed building board (prototype) passes most of the requirements of general purposes high density board and is cost effective too. Again require expenditure of fossil fuels for transportation slabs, beams, columns, walls…etc for making high density using! 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